What is jurisprudence all about Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

What is jurisprudence all about - Essay Example He is a legal positivist because he considers laws to be disconnected from morality itself and more in line with a system of social guidelines which come with punishments for violations. Thus the viewpoint taken of jurisprudence by him is one of the analytical side where jurisprudence is taken as the philosophy which guides rules in a society that are in turn made into the laws of the society. In effect, Jurisprudence is based on primary rules which actually define acceptable and unacceptable conduct in a social system and secondary rules which tell law officials how to use the primary rules. There are further subdivisions of secondary rules which include the rules of adjudication, the rules of change, and the rules of recognition. In these, the rules of adjudication show ways in which the jurisprudence governs the resolution of legal disputes. The rules of change govern how laws can be altered while the rules of recognition allow rules to be considered valid or invalid. In terms of jurisprudence as it connects with the rules that form the laws in society, it can be debated if morality should be made a part of the equation and there are those who suggest that morality is an important element when it comes to making or altering laws. However, considering that Hart takes morality out of the equation, it could make jurisprudence more dynamic as the norms of society may change much faster than the moral standards of a given social order. Ronald Dworkin is perhaps more important of these two legal thinkers since his contributions to the field of law extend far beyond jurisprudence alone. He also works with the philosophy of law and political ideology debates where his opinions have been widely accepted and opposed as well (Burgess-Jackson, 1998). With regard to jurisprudence, his leading theory is the theory of integrity as it applies to the philosophy of law and the participants in the legal system. An understanding of this

Personnel management-Part I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personnel management-Part I - Essay Example accordance with the changes that are continuously occurring in the business environment in order to maintain their competitiveness and ability to lead the market. The aim of this essay is to help the reader understand how to conduct training and development in an effective way. In order to yield the maximum out of the training and development program and making it effective and impactful, there are many roles a supervisor or trainer can play. These roles help the supervisor in encouraging the employees and inducing confidence and interest in them. (Reece et al, 2010). The most important role of a supervisor is that of a coach. A good coach identifies the trainee’s strengths and weaknesses in such a way that he would neither get over-confident (due to his strengths) nor too overwhelmed (due to his weaknesses). He helps the employee pin-point his skills and interests and improve accordingly. He would also suggest ways through which the employee could transform his weaknesses into his strengths, increase his productivity and prosper in his career at a faster pace creating a win-win situation for himself as well as the organization. A good trainer is also a good advisor. He keeps an eye on the employee’s shortcomings and advices accordingly without putting him down. He helps his subordinates in setting up realistic career goals that would help him as well as the organization in the long run. He would provide the employee with all the necessary information and instructions that are necessary for him to know, in order to perform his tasks more efficiently. A good supervisor evaluates his subordinates in an open and transparent manner. He is apt at giving frequent feedback but of constructive nature that is intended to boost the employee’s morale and help him develop. He restrains from useless criticism that might bring the employee’s morale down and imparts objectivity. He also plays the role of a motivator and boosts the workers’ self-confidence by

Swot analysis Essay Example for Free

Swot analysis Essay STRENGTHS   It successfully projects Indian philosophy It attempts to highlight traveling facilities It projects governmental concern over safety and security of the tourists   It exploits visual and print details of Indian wildlife, social and cultural hotspots   Its backed by the Tourism Department of India WEAKNESSESS   It completely ignores the upcoming tourism market like medical tourism   It fails to promote Yoga and other ancient Indian healing and spiritual development techniques separately It fails to promote word of mouth campaign   It fails to create a USP which is essential for branding and positioning. It fails to exploit the 300-year old Indo-British relationship OPPORTUNITIES   Huge Market of medical tourism is growing rapidly and it deserves to be the nodal head of the entire campaign   It has the scope to exploit the upsurge of new age culture, which is a revival of ancient Asian techniques to maintain well being   It has the scope to embed far more attractive packages by embedding sophisticated medical treatment or ancient healing/well being facilities with sight-seeing   It can exploit the British sentiments over colonial architectures in India THREATS. Other Asian countries like Japan, China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Malaysia are gearing up towards promoting medical tourism. These countries have already popularized the Buddhist or Chinese/Mongoloid style of healing and well being techniques, which too is a part of the New Age Culture These countries possess quality infrastructure While SWOT attempts to summarize the pros and cons of Incredible India Campaign, the issue of branding India in the global tourism market needs one vital approach to achieve its desired outcome, and that is, to review this campaign from the framework of branding technique. IV. Analysing Incredible India from the Perspective of Branding Branding works as an invisible tool, which creates a situation where the name of the company/organization would trigger all the stimuli in the customers instantly. Thus the journey of a product together with branding would look like below: Figure 1 The figure above evokes a few basic clarifications about branding, before this system can be incorporated in a company, where are the issues are: 1. Definition of Branding 2. Importance of branding 3. Brand equity 4. Brand loyalty 5. Brand awareness. 6. Brand value 7. Brand personality IV. 1. How Incredible India can create a strong brand India As Mary Brown, a creative director of Marketing Angel would prefer to define brand as a term that has evolved to mean the enduring emotional association one has with a particular company or product (McCall, 2003), the famous copywriter and ad agency founder David Ogilvy would prefer to go into a detail brand is an intangible sum of a products attributes: its name, packaging, price, its history, reputation, and the way its advertised (Brand, 2008). In short, brand could be anything like symbol, words, or mark that distinguishes a product or company from its competitors(Brand Definition, 2008). From this perspective Incredible India needs to review its name, packaging, price and its history and modify it concerning the current demand. IV. 2. Definition of Branding Branding is the sum total of a companys identity – from its name and logo to every piece of communication(Brandguru). Thus, the campaign in discussion needs to have multiple views on the definition of branding to have a comprehensive view, besides choosing the right one applicable for restaurant industry. Branding means starting with your values and beliefs, projecting these into everything you do, and going forward from there, says Susan Dunn, the EQ Coach (Dunn, 2007), while some would prefer to say, branding is generally used to describe the companys visual identity (Branding, 2006). Todays modern concept of branding grew out of the consumer packaged goods industry and the process of branding has come to include much, much more than just creating a way to identify a product or company, observes Dave Dolak (2001), a branding professional and an author. Thus, the successful branding of India should be able to 1. Deliver the message clearly. 2. Confirm the credibility of the company. 3. Connect the target prospects emotionally. 4. Motivate the buyers. 5. Concretize the user loyalty (Lake, 2008). In any case, overall branding can also stretch to a logo, symbol, or even design features (Bizhelp, 2008). Taking cue from the above ideas, this can be said that branding is an attempt to create a wholesome bonding between the company and its customers: Figure – 2 The diagram above clearly shows that branding literally bonds the customer with a product in several ways – the end result of which brings in secured sales for the company. This amply proves the significance of branding in the life of a company – if it wants to grow more; it cannot do without branding, from this perspective Incredible India has to focus more on emphasizing emotional bond with UK through exploiting the earlier history of close communication.

The Vision And Mission Of ITC

The Vision And Mission Of ITC ITC is one of Indias foremost private sector companies with a market capitalisation of over US $ 30 billion and a turnover of US $ 6 billion. ITC is rated among the Worlds Best Big Companies, Asias Fab 50 and the Worlds Most Reputable Companies by Forbes magazine, among Indias Most Respected Companies by Business World and among Indias Most Valuable Companies by Business Today. ITC ranks among Indias `10 Most Valuable (Company) Brands, in a study conducted by Brand Finance and published by the Economic Times. ITC also ranks among Asias 50 best performing companies compiled by Business Week. ITC has a diversified presence in Cigarettes, Hotels, Paperboards Specialty Papers, Packaging, Agri-Business, Packaged Foods Confectionery, Information Technology, Branded Apparel, Personal Care, Stationery, Safety Matches and other FMCG products. As one of Indias most valuable and respected corporations, ITC is widely perceived to be dedicatedly nation-oriented. Chairman Y C Deveshwar calls this source of inspiration a commitment beyond the market. ITC practices this philosophy by not only driving each of its businesses towards international competitiveness but by also consciously contributing to enhancing the competitiveness of the larger value chain of which it is a part. ITC employs over 26,000 people at more than 60 locations across India. The Company continuously endeavours to enhance its wealth generating capabilities in a globalising environment to consistently reward more than 4,05,000 shareholders, fulfil the aspirations of its stakeholders and meet societal expectations. (assis, 2003) The ITC Vision Mission Sustain ITCs position as one of  Indias most valuable corporations through world class performance, creating growing value for the Indian  economy and the companys stakeholders. THE ITC MISSION To enhance the wealth generating capability of the enterprise in a globalising environment, delivering superior and sustainable stakeholder value. The ITC Way ITC is a board-managed professional company, committed to creating enduring value for the shareholder and for the nation. It has a rich organisational culture rooted in its core values of respect for people and belief in empowerment. Its philosophy of all-round value creation is backed by strong corporate governance policies and systems. ITCs CORPORATE STRATEGIES are : Create multiple drivers of growth by developing a portfolio of world class businesses that best matches organisational capability with opportunities in domestic and export markets. Continue to focus on the chosen portfolio of FMCG, Hotels, Paper, Paperboards Packaging, Agri Business and Information Technology. Benchmark the health of each business comprehensively across the criteria of Market Standing, Profitability and Internal Vitality. Create distributed leadership within the organisation by nurturing talented and focused top management teams for each of the businesses. Continuously strengthen and refine Corporate Governance processes and systems to catalyse the entrepreneurial energies of management by striking the golden balance between executive freedom and the need for effective control and accountability. CORE VALUES ITCs Core Values are aimed at developing a customer-focused, high-performance organisation which creates value for all its stakeholders: Trusteeship As professional managers, we are conscious that ITC has been given to us in trust by all our stakeholders. We will actualise stakeholder value and interest on a long term sustainable basis. Customer Focus We are always customer focused and will deliver what the customer needs in terms of value, quality and satisfaction. Respect for People We acknowledge that every individual brings different perspectives and capabilities to the team and that a strong team is founded on a variety of perspectives. We want individuals to dream, value differences, create and experiment in pursuit of opportunities and achieve leadership through teamwork. Excellence We do what is right, do it well and win. We will strive for excellence in whatever we do. Innovation We will constantly pursue newer and better processes, products, services and management practices. Nation Orientation We are aware of our responsibility to generate economic value for the Nation. In pursuit of our goals, we will make no compromise in complying with applicable laws and regulations at all levels. GLOBALISATION: ITCs mission is to sustain and enhance the wealth-generating capacity of its portfolio of businesses in a progressively globalising environment. As one of Indias premier corporations employing a vast quantum of societal resources, ITC seeks to fulfil a larger role by enlarging its contribution to the society of which it is a part. The trusteeship role related to social and environmental resources, aligned to the pursuit of economic objectives, is the cornerstone of ITCs Environment, Health and Safety philosophy. In the multi-business context of ITC, Corporate Strategies are designed to create enduring value for the nation and the shareholder, through leadership in each business and the attainment of world-class competitive capabilities across the value chain. To contribute to sustainable development through the establishment and implementation of environment standards are scientifically tested and meet the requirement of relevant laws, regulations and codes of practice. To take account of environment, occupational health and safety in planning and decision-making. To provide and maintain facilities, equipment, operations and working conditions which are safe for employees, visitors and contractors at the Companys premises. To institute and implement a system of regular EHS audit in order to assure compliance with laid down policy, benchmarked standards, and requirements of laws, regulations and applicable codes of practice. SWOT ANALYSIS: STRENGTHS MANAGEMENT experienced broad base of interests and knowledge PRODUCT LINE unique, tastes good, competitive price, and convincement. MARKETING diverse and global awareness. PERSONNEL international, diverse positions, high sakes revenue, high sale growth, large capital base. MANUFACTURING low costs an liabilities due to outsourcing of bottling. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT continuous efforts to research trends an reinforce creativity. CONSUMER/SOCIAL huge market in the healthy products and growing market for specialized foods for ethic groups. COMPETITIVE distinctive name, product and packaging in with regards to its markets. TECHNOLOGICAL internet promotion such as banner ads and keywords can increase their sales and more computerized manufacturing their efficiency. ECONOMIC consumer income is high, more tend to eat out, convenience is important to us. WEAKNESS : MANAGEMENT large size may lead to conflicting interests. PRODUCT LINE new one calorie product have no existing customer base generic have brands can make similar product. MARKETING may lose focus, may not be segmented enough. PERSONAL possible conflicts due to so many people, possible trouble staying focused. FINANCE high expenses may have trouble balancing cash-flow of such a large operation. RESEARSH DEVELOPMENT may concentrate too much on existing product, inter apreneuralship may not be welcomed. CONSUMER/SOCIAL more expensive products, such a high price may limit lower income family from buying on ITC product. COMPETITIVE not entrails patentable, constant reliability by competitors. TECHNOLOGICAL computer break downs, viruses and hackers can reduce efficiency and must constantly update products or other competitors will be more advanced. ECONOMIC very elastic demand, almost pure competition. OPPORTUNITIES: Expected 30% CAGR in organized market to result in better footfall and conversion rates. Entry into Tier 2 Tier 3 cities. Collaboration with foreign player because of a national brand. An opportunity to diversify its operations in e-relating. As big company of India can go globally. THREATS; Employee shortage and attrition due to rapid growth in the whole market. Impact of slowdown in consumer spends to be felt in FMCG market. Opening up of economy for free entry of foreign players. (Anon., n.d.) PEST ANALYSIS: POLTICAL Congress Dominance Politically active unions Govt. took over sick companies. MNCs urged to liquidate equity with a cap of 40% Multiparty coalitions causing political uncertainty Rural job program launched in 2006 Reduced economic control opened economy to imports Govt. Approved 51% FDI provided company engaged in single branding. ECONOMIC Favoured capital goods, increased black market Low competition in domestic market Not competent enough for international level Lower purchasing power of consumer Foreign investment discouraged Indias rapid GDP growth led to increase in spending power Increase income 56% demand for FMCG product from rural sector. SOCIAL Abundance of low wage sector 88 % of rural population below poverty line Rural access hampered by poor road ,rail telecommunication links NGOs to assist smaller level cooperatives Combination of low wage relatively high skilled labour TECHNICAL IT sector grew rapidly Internet usage access to rural sector Increased mediums to information available ITC provided web portal Limited mediums avaible to promote brand building. Corporate Governance: Preamble Over the years, ITC has evolved from a single product company to a multi-business corporation. Its businesses are spread over a wide spectrum, ranging from cigarettes and tobacco to hotels, packaging, paper and paperboards and international commodities trading. Each of these businesses is vastly different from the others in its type, the state of its evolution and the basic nature of its activity, all of which influence the choice of the form of governance. Globalisation will not only significantly heighten business risks, but will also compel Indian companies to adopt international norms of transparency and good governance. ITCs governance policy recognises the challenge of this new business reality in India. Corporate Governance emerge the cornerstones of ITCs governance philosophy, namely trusteeship, transparency, empowerment and accountability, control and ethical corporate citizenship. Core Principles ITCs Corporate Governance initiative is based on two core principles. These are Management must have the executive freedom to drive the enterprise forward without undue restraints; and This freedom of management should be exercised within a framework of effective accountability. ITC believes that any meaningful policy on Corporate Governance must provide empowerment to the executive management of the Company, and simultaneously create a mechanism of checks and balances which ensures that the decision making powers vested in the executive management is not only not misused, but is used with care and responsibility to meet stakeholder aspirations and societal expectations. Trusteeship: ITC believes that large corporations like itself have both a social and economic purpose. They represent a coalition of interests, namely those of the shareholders, other providers of capital, business associates and employees. This belief therefore casts a responsibility of trusteeship on the Companys Board of Directors. They are to act as trustees to protect and enhance shareholder value, as well as to ensure that the Company fulfils its obligations and responsibilities to its other stakeholders. Transparency: ITC believes that transparency means explaining Companys policies and actions to those to whom it has responsibilities. Therefore transparency must lead to maximum appropriate disclosures without jeopardising the Companys strategic interests. Internally, transparency means openness in Companys relationship with its employees, as well as the conduct of its business in a manner that will bear scrutiny. Empowerment and Accountability: Empowerment is an essential concomitant of ITCs first core principle of governance that management must have the freedom to drive the enterprise forward. ITC believes that the Board of Directors are accountable to the shareholders, and the management is accountable to the Board of Directors. Control: Control is a necessary concomitant of its second core principle of governance that the freedom of management should be exercised within a framework of appropriate checks and balances. Control should prevent misuse of power, facilitate timely management response to change, and ensure that business risks are pre-emptively and effectively managed. Ethical Corporate Citizenship: ITC believes that corporations like itself have a responsibility to set exemplary standards of ethical behaviour, both internally within the organisation, as well as in their external relationships. We believe that unethical behaviour corrupts organisational culture and undermines stakeholder value. The Governance Structure Flowing from the philosophy and core principles, Corporate Governance in ITC shall take place at three interlinked levels, namely Strategic supervision by the Board of Directors Strategic management by the Corporate Management Committee Executive management by the Divisional Chief Executive assisted by the Divisional Management Committee The 3-tier governance structure thus ensures that: Strategic supervision being free from involvement in the task of strategic management of the company, can be conducted by the Board with objectivity, thereby sharpening accountability of management. Strategic management of the Company, uncluttered by the day-to-day tasks of executive management, remains focused and energised; and Executive management of the divisional business, free from collective strategic responsibilities for ITC as a whole, gets focused on enhancing the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of its business. CODE OF CONDUCT Preamble ITCs Code of Conduct was circulated to the employees more than five years back and is posted on the Companys corporate website. This Code has now been re-drafted for better presentation. This Code is derived from three interlinked fundamental principles, viz. good corporate governance, good corporate citizenship and exemplary personal conduct. Philosophy ITC is a professionally managed organisation and the core value underlying our corporate philosophy is trusteeship. We believe this organisation has been handed to us by the various stakeholders in trust and we as professionals are the trustees of these stakeholders. It is therefore our responsibility to ensure that the organisation is managed in a manner that protects and furthers the interests of our stakeholders. Corporate Governance Policy The Corporate Governance Policy is the apex level instrument guiding conduct of the affairs of the Company and clearly delineates the roles, responsibilities and authorities of the key entities in the governance structure of the Company. This Code forms an integral part of the Companys Governance Policy. Good Corporate Citizenship In the conduct of the Companys business, the practice of good corporate citizenship is a prerequisite and embraces the following Relationships with Suppliers and Customers All directors, senior management and employees shall ensure that in their dealings with suppliers and customers, the Companys interests are never compromised. Accepting gifts and presents of more than a nominal value, gratuity payments and other payments from suppliers or customers will be viewed as serious breach of discipline as this could lead to compromising the Companys interests. Legal Compliance It is the Companys policy to comply fully with all applicable laws and regulations. Ensuring legal and regulatory compliance is the responsibility of the Chief Executives of the Businesses and the Divisional Management Committees. Divisional Management Committees must satisfy themselves that sound and adequate arrangements exist to ensure that they comply with the legal and regulatory requirements impacting each business and identify and respond to developments in the regulatory environment in which they operate. Health and Safety The Company attaches great importance to a healthy and safe work environment. ITC is committed to provide good physical working conditions and encourages high standards of hygiene and housekeeping. Particular attention should be paid to training of employees to increase safety awareness and adoption of safe working methods, particularly designed to prevent serious or fatal accidents. Environment Policies The Company believes that commitment to sustainable development is a key component of responsible corporate citizenship and therefore deserves to be accorded the highest priority. In addition to complying with applicable laws and regulations, Businesses must establish procedures for assessing the environmental effects of their present and future activities. Personal Conduct All directors, senior management and employees have the obligation to conduct themselves in an honest and ethical manner and act in the best interest of the Company at all times. They are expected to demonstrate exemplary personal conduct through adherence to the following: Avoidance of Conflict of Interest All directors, senior management and employees must avoid situations in which their personal interest could conflict with the interest of the Company. This is an area in which it is impossible to provide comprehensive guidance but the guiding principle is that conflict, if any, or potential conflict must be disclosed to higher management for guidance and action as appropriate. Transparency and Audit-ability All directors, senior management and employees shall ensure that their actions in the conduct of business are totally transparent except where the needs of business security dictate otherwise. It shall be necessary to voluntarily ensure that areas of operation are open to audit and the conduct of activities is totally auditable. Protection of Confidential Information No director, senior management and employee shall disclose or use any confidential information gained in the course of employment/ association with the Company for personal gain or for the advantage of any other person. No information either formally or informally shall be provided to the press, other publicity media or any other external agency except within approved policies. Company Facilities No director, senior management and employee shall misuse Company facilities. In the use of Company facilities, care shall be exercised to ensure that costs are reasonable and there is no wastage. (Deveshwar.Y.C, 2002) CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES: CSR activities: ENVIRONMENT  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ITC has been Carbon Positive three years in a row (sequestering/storing twice the amount of CO2 than the company emits).  Ã‚    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Water Positive six years in a row (creating three times more rain water harvesting potential than ITCs net consumption).    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Close to 100 % solid waste recycling    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All Environment, Health and Safety Management Systems in ITC conform to the best international standards. SOCIAL  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ITCs businesses generate livelihoods for over 5 million people  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ITCs globally recognised e-Choupal initiative is  the worlds largest rural digital infrastructure benefiting over 4 million farming families.    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ITCs Social and Farm Forestry initiative has greened over 80,000 hectares creating an estimated 35 million person days of employment among the disadvantaged.    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ITCs Watershed Development Initiative brings precious water to nearly 35,000 hectares of dry lands and moisture-stressed areas.    ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ITCs Sustainable Community Development initiatives include women empowerment, supplementary education, integrated animal husbandry programmes.   Ã‚  PRESERVING NATIONAL HERITAGE As a socially responsible corporate citizen, ITC endeavours to create value for the Indian society in multiple ways, one of them being preservation of  Indias rich cultural heritage. ITC has made significant contribution to the promotion of Indian classical music, theatre, art and cuisine. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PERFORMANCE In the past, I have shared with you the abiding vision that inspires us to create sustainable stakeholder wealth and enlarge our contribution to the Indian society. This commitment goes far beyond the market to create simultaneously financial, environmental and social capital for the nation. This year, ITC joined the United Nations Global Compact, the worlds largest global corporate citizenship initiative. (Anon., n.d.) REFLECTION: Renounced company always follows all the issues and regulation to reach at the top most point that is appraise by the organization, follower and peoples one of the company that follow all issues and have a brand image in all areas and all people internally and externally apologize this company and ITC is one of that company that have many follower and as a customer I also follows ITC as a source of inspirations .It have done many CSR activities to communicate with the people of different region to capture a wide market area that in turn increase their market share. Corporate governance of ITC is very strong and cover and takes all from stakeholder to shareholder governing body to make its company successful in every aspect to achieve it target point. So, this is the main reason why i am very much influenced from ITC company enjoy to follow it point to implement in my organization to make it successful. REFERENCE: Anon., n.d. www.echoupal.com. [Online]. Anon., n.d. www.itcportal.com. [Online]. assis, c.g., 2003. ITCS RURAL SYMPHONY. BUSINESS WORLD. Deveshwar.Y.C, 2002. THE INDIAN TABACOO COMPANY. CONCLUSION: ITC ltd. is a leading FMCG Company in India and from last three consecutive years has shown accelerated growth in FMCG portfolio. Customer in India also spending more in FMCG as their standard of living is growing. ITC has placed itself successfully in the position of market leader in FMCG product, though there was some downfall in sales and profit of company in beginning of this decade but after that ITC has shown considerable rise in both sales and profit. ITC promoting their brands through advertisement campaign as well as door to door promotion. The demand of their product in very low, because people dont know about their brands very well. ITC knows their strength and weakness in the personal care market, so they are applying new concept to overcome their weaknesses. ITC now offering more margin, exiting offers and long credit period to retailers and wholesalers. The future of the company is looking bright as FMCG market in India is still expanding and so we can safely conclude that ITC will be able to secure it No. 1 position in FMCG product. POLITICAL DATE TOPICS COVERED KEY ISSUE COVERED RELATION OF KEY ISSUES WITH THE CASE 28MARCH GLOBALIZATION Introduction of Globalization Social and Economic Implications. 31MARCH SWOT ANALYSIS INTERNAL ANALYSIS-STRENGTHS,WEAKNESS EXTERNAL ANALYSIS-OPPORTUNITIES,THREATS 5APRIL PESTEL ANALYSIS PEST ANALYSIS POLITICAL ECONOMICAL SOCIOCULTURAL TECHNOLOGICAL 9APRIL 12APRIL CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CSR(corporate social responsibility) CORE PRINCIPAL, THE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE BOARD OF DIRECTORS CORPORATE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE CODE OF CONDUCT CITIZENSHIP PERSONAL CONDUCT CORPORATE GOVERNANCE POLICY GOOD CORPORATE CITIZENSHIP IMPROVED CULTURE REPUTATION ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY Environmental Preservation Resettlement of War Victims Welfare of the neighbouring communities. Environmental Preservation

Martin Luther Essay examples -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther grew up in a time when there was basically one religion to look upon. Luther was born on November 10, 1483, in Eisleben, Germany. He was raised Catholic by his family that was held together by his father, Hans. Hans was a miner, and he worked his way up to the middle class by leasing mines and furnaces. With the money that he earned, he bought his family a house, and he became a well-respected citizen of their new hometown, Mansfeld. At seven years old, Martin began his schooling to fill his father’s dream of becoming a lawyer. At school, he learned the basics and was taught Latin. The students were not only to learn how to speak Latin, but they also had to speak the language at all times. At age thirteen, a new school boarded young Luther. He was sent thirty miles north to the city of Magdenburg. His time spent there was short. The year that he attended the school, he learned of his ambition to serve God. Luther spoke fondly of the Brothers at the school. They showed Luther what it was like to witness God’s power. Martin finished off his boarding school years at St. George’s School, located in Eisenach. Luther had many great memories of St. George’s, including one of his teachers, Johann Trebonius. Luther enjoyed Trebonius’ teachings because of the equality that was displayed between the students and the teacher. St. George’s also gave Luther the ability to see what a life of the religious order was like. In 1501, Martin left Eise...

Baby Boomer, The Driving Force :: essays research papers

Landlord-tenant law combines three areas of law; 1.) property law 2.) contract law and 3.) negligence law. Landlord-tenant law combines three areas of law; 1.) property law 2.) contract law and 3.) negligence law. Colleges nation wide have been reporting strong surges in enrollment largely due to baby boomers returning to school. Baby boomers are Americans born between 1946 and 1964. Soldiers returning from WWII caused a rise in the birth rate of the United States, creating a â€Å"boom† which is where the term â€Å"baby boom† comes from. There were approximately 76 million baby boomers born during that 18 year span. The baby boomer generation is now creating a â€Å"boom† in the field of adult education.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Enrollment in college programs by baby boomers has risen substantially. In 2001 the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) reported that more than 20 percent of United States college students are above the age of 30. (qtd. in CNN 1). The National Center for Education Statistics also reported that enrollment of students aged 40 and older has increased by 48 percent from the early 1970’s. (1). The baby boomer generation has become the driving force behind the growth of adult education.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The benefits of higher education for the boomers have been greater than that of their parents. Baby boomer parents are from the Great Depression generation. These Great Depression era parents were immigrants who believed that hard work was the way to succeed in life. Upon arriving in America, the immigrants needed skills to help them live in their new homeland. They learned a new language, to read and that education was necessary to secure their future. These parents raised their children with the belief that education would open many doors for their children’s futures. The effects of education for the baby boomers was stronger than for their parents of the Great Depression generation. â€Å"Both baby boomers and their parents enjoyed a positive association between net worth and education.† (Keister 5). According to National Center for Educational Statistics the boomers have acquired more wealth by the age of 30 than their immigrant parents had acquired by that same age. The boomers have enjoyed a higher income than their parents substantiating the theory that higher education is the key to success. Educated boomers were enjoying the reward of a higher lifestyle than that of their uneducated immigrant parents. The baby boomer students have proven themselves to be the fastest growing

EOQ Essay

Introduction    Determine the order size for Company A in the scenario found in the attached â€Å"QAT1 Task 3 Spreadsheet† that would minimize total annual cost by using the economic order quantity model, showing all of your work. Economic order quantity model is an in inventory related equation that helps in determining the optimum order quantity that a company should hold in its inventory given a cost of production, demand rate and other variables. This is always done to help in minimizing the variables inventory costs.   The equation is given by EOQ = Where: A= Setup costs Cp = Demand rate P = Production cost I = Interest rate (considered an opportunity cost, so the risk-free rate can be used) EOQ =  Ã‚   (2 * 400,000 * 42)/ (3% * 500) = 33600000/ 15 = Sr. 2240000 =1,497 computers Identify what Company A should do with the information determined in part A The economic order quantity (EOQ) is the order quantity that minimizes total holding and ordering costs for the year. Even if all the assumptions don’t hold exactly, the EOQ gives us a good indication of whether or not current order quantities are reasonable(Steven, 2009). Therefore, the company uses EOQ in ensuring that the quantity being produced is optimal and is cost effective hence help the production and marketing departments to be effective in terms of production.                   Order Quantity Holding Cost Order Cost Material Cost Shortage Cost Total Cost Q hC(Q/2) (R/Q)S CR (B(Q-n)^2)/2Q TC 99.78 $748.33 $168,374.58 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,169,122.91 199.56 $1,496.66 $84,187.29 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,085,683.95 299.33 $2,244.99 $56,124.86 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,058,369.86 399.11 $2,993.33 $42,093.65 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,045,086.97 498.89 $3,741.66 $33,674.92 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,037,416.57 598.67 $4,489.99 $28,062.43 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,032,552.42 698.44 $5,238.32 $24,053.51 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,029,291.83 798.22 $5,986.65 $21,046.82 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,027,033.47 898.00 $6,734.98 $18,708.29 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,025,443.27 997.78 $7,483.31 $16,837.46 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,024,320.77 1097.55 $8,231.65 $15,306.78 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,023,538.43 1197.33 $8,979.98 $14,031.22 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,023,011.19 1297.11 $9,728.31 $12,951.89 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,022,680.20 1396.89 $10,476.64 $12,026.76 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,022,503.40 1496.66 $11,224.97 $11,224.97 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,022,449.94 1596.44 $11,973.30 $10,523.41 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,022,496.72 1696.22 $12,721.64 $9,904.39 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,022,626.02 1796.00 $13,469.97 $9,354.14 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,022,824.11 1895.77 $14,218.30 $8,861.82 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,023,080.12 1995.55 $14,966.63 $8,418.73 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,023,385.36 2095.33 $15,714.96 $8,017.84 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,023,732.80 2195.11 $16,463.29 $7,653.39 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,024,116.68 2294.88 $17,211.62 $7,320.63 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,024,532.26 2394.66 $17,959.96 $7,015.61 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,024,975.56 2494.44 $18,708.29 $6,734.98 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,025,443.27 2594.22 $19,456.62 $6,475.95 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,025,932.56 2693.99 $20,204.95 $6,236.10 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,026,441.05 2793.77 $20,953.28 $6,013.38 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,026,966.66 2893.55 $21,701.61 $5,806.02 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,027,507.63 2993.33 $22,449.94 $5,612.49 $200,000,000.00 $0.00 $200,028,062.43                                                                         Q Line             1497 0             1497 200022449.9                Determine the lot size for Company B in the scenario found in the attached â€Å"QAT1 Task 3 Spreadsheet† that would minimize total annual cost by using the economic production lot size model, showing all of your work. Economic order quantity model is an in inventory related equation that helps in determining the optimum order quantity that a company should hold in its inventory given a cost of production, demand rate and other variables. This is always done to help in minimizing the variables inventory costs.   The equation is given by EOQ = Where: A= Setup costs Cp = Demand rate P = Production cost I = Interest rate (considered an opportunity cost, so the risk-free rate can be used) EOQ =  Ã‚   (2 * 5200,000 * 500)/ (4% * 250) = 5,200,000,000/ 10 = Sr. 520,000,000 = 22804 computers Identify what Company B should do with the information determined in part B The economic order quantity (EOQ) is the order quantity that minimizes total holding and ordering costs for the year. Even if all the assumptions don’t hold exactly, the EOQ gives us a good indication of whether or not current order quantities are reasonable (Steven, 2009). Therefore, the company uses EOQ in ensuring that the quantity being produced is optimal and is cost effective hence help the production and marketing departments to be effective in terms of production. Order Quantity Holding Cost Order Cost Material Cost Shortage Cost Total Cost Q hC(Q/2) (R/Q)S CR (B(Q-n)^2)/2Q TC 1520.23 $7,601.17 $1,710,263.14 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,301,717,864.31 3040.47 $15,202.34 $855,131.57 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,870,333.91 4560.70 $22,803.51 $570,087.71 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,592,891.22 6080.94 $30,404.68 $427,565.78 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,457,970.46 7601.17 $38,005.85 $342,052.63 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,380,058.48 9121.40 $45,607.02 $285,043.86 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,330,650.87 10641.64 $53,208.19 $244,323.31 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,297,531.49 12161.87 $60,809.36 $213,782.89 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,274,592.25 13682.11 $68,410.53 $190,029.24 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,258,439.76 15202.34 $76,011.70 $171,026.31 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,247,038.01 16722.57 $83,612.86 $155,478.47 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,239,091.33 18242.81 $91,214.03 $142,521.93 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,233,735.96 19763.04 $98,815.20 $131,558.70 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,230,373.91 21283.27 $106,416.37 $122,161.65 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,228,578.03 22803.51 $114,017.54 $114,017.54 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,228,035.09 24323.74 $121,618.71 $106,891.45 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,228,510.16 25843.98 $129,219.88 $100,603.71 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,229,823.60 27364.21 $136,821.05 $95,014.62 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,231,835.67 28884.44 $144,422.22 $90,013.85 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,234,436.07 30404.68 $152,023.39 $85,513.16 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,237,536.55 31924.91 $159,624.56 $81,441.10 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,241,065.66 33445.15 $167,225.73 $77,739.23 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,244,964.96 34965.38 $174,826.90 $74,359.27 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,249,186.17 36485.61 $182,428.07 $71,260.96 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,253,689.03 38005.85 $190,029.24 $68,410.53 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,258,439.76 39526.08 $197,630.41 $65,779.35 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,263,409.76 41046.32 $205,231.58 $63,343.08 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,268,574.66 42566.55 $212,832.75 $61,080.83 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,273,913.57 44086.78 $220,433.92 $58,974.59 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,279,408.51 45607.02 $228,035.09 $57,008.77 $1,300,000,000.00 $0.00 $1,300,285,043.86                                                                         Q Line             22804 0             22804 1300228035                                  Reference Steven A. (2009) Management Science Applications in Project Management Project   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Management LP Models in Scheduling, Integer Programming   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   www.eng.umd.edu/~sgabriel. uk